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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">observer</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Обозреватель-Observer</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Обозреватель–Observer</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2975</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Институт стран СНГ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.48137/2074-2975_2021_6_21</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">observer-187</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Политология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Political sciences</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Цена денег: западные кредиты как политическое оружие Экономические предпосылки переворота в Румынии 1989 года</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The true value of the money: western credits as political weapon Economic premises for coupe d’etat in Romania of 1989th</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пономарева</surname><given-names>Е. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ponomareva</surname><given-names>E. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ПОНОМАРЕВА Елена Георгиевна – профессор, доктор политических наук, профессор кафедры сравнительной политологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PONOMAREVA Elena G. – Professor, Doctor of Political Science, professor of Comparative Politics Department</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nastya304@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самсонов</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Samsonov</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>САМСОНОВ Алексей Геннадьевич – аспирант</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>SAMSONOV Alexey G. – PhD student</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">samsonovag@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МГИМО(У) МИД России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University) of the Ministry of Foreign Relations of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Владимирский государственный университет (ВлГУ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vladimir State University (VlSU)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>21</fpage><lpage>35</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пономарева Е.Г., Самсонов А.Г., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пономарева Е.Г., Самсонов А.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ponomareva E.G., Samsonov A.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.observer-journal.ru/jour/article/view/187">https://www.observer-journal.ru/jour/article/view/187</self-uri><abstract><p>Разрушение мировой системы социализма – не цепь случайных событий, а тщательно спланированный и подготовленный процесс. Одним из важнейших факторов дестабилизации коммунистических режимов европейских стран были заимствованные средства западных и международных банков. Зависимость от кредиторов определила резкое ухудшение социально-экономического климата, что стало триггером политических трансформаций. Только Румыния смогла во многом своими силами освободиться от экономической удавки Запада. В статье показано, что успешная политика Н. Чаушеску по ликвидации задолженности, а значит, по сохранению суверенитета страны привела к самому жёсткому сценарию переворота.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The destruction of the world socialist system was not a chain of random events, but a carefully planned and prepared process. One of the crucial factors in the destabilization of communist regimes in European countries were the loans from Western and international banks. Creditor dependence caused sharp deterioration of the social-economic climate, which triggered political transformations. The only country that was able to get rid of the Western economic strangler largely on its own was socialist Romania. Being based on sources little-known to Russian-speaking researchers the article argues that N. Ceauşescu’s successful policy of paying out Romania’s debt and thus of preserving his country’s sovereignty determined the launch of the hardest coup d’etat scenario.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Румыния</kwd><kwd>МВФ</kwd><kwd>кредиты</kwd><kwd>Н. Чаушеску</kwd><kwd>Й. М. Пачепа</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Romania</kwd><kwd>IMF</kwd><kwd>credits</kwd><kwd>N. Ceausescu</kwd><kwd>I.M. Pacepa</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бродский И. Взгляд с карусели // URL: https://pub.wikireading.ru/53775</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brodskij I. 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