<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">observer</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Обозреватель-Observer</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Обозреватель–Observer</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2975</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Институт стран СНГ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.48137/2074-2975-2025-3-41</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">observer-325</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Политология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Political sciences</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ядерная энергетика – ключ к решению проблемы глобального потепления</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nuclear energy is the key to solving the problem of global warming</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Габараев</surname><given-names>Б. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gabaraev</surname><given-names>B. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Габараев Борис Арсентьевич – доктор технических наук, профессор НИУ МЭИ, старший научный сотрудник, Заслуженный энергетик Российской Федерации, научный руководитель по научно-технической информации </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gabaraev Boris A. – Doctor of Technical Sciences, Academic Title of Senior Researcher, Professor; ScientificSupervisor for Scientific and Technical Information», Honored Power Engineer of the Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">boris-gabaraev@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Муханина</surname><given-names>Е. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mukhanina</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Муханина Екатерина Михайловна – ведущий специалист отдела международных проектов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mukhanina Ekaterina M. – Leading Specialist of the International Projects Department </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mukhanina@nikiet.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НИУ МЭИ; АО «НИКИЭТ»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research University «Moscow Power Engineering Institute» (MPEI); JSC «NIKIET»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff xml:lang="en" id="aff-2"><institution>JSC «NIKIET»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>41</fpage><lpage>53</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Габараев Б.А., Муханина Е.М., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Габараев Б.А., Муханина Е.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gabaraev B.A., Mukhanina E.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.observer-journal.ru/jour/article/view/325">https://www.observer-journal.ru/jour/article/view/325</self-uri><abstract><p>Решение климатических проблем в условиях глобального потепления нижнего слоя земной атмосферы связывают с возобновляемыми источниками энергии, однако для надёжности энергоснабжения дополнительно требуется привлечение другого низкоуглеродного источника энергии. Постепенно приходит осознание, что на эту роль может претендовать только ядерная энергетика.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Renewable energy sources have been linked to climate solutions to the global warming of the Earth’s lower atmosphere, but another low-carbon energy source is additionally required for security of supply. It is gradually being realized that only nuclear power can claim this role. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>глобальное потепление</kwd><kwd>климатические проблемы</kwd><kwd>возобновляемые источники энергии</kwd><kwd>ядерная энергетика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>global warming</kwd><kwd>climate problems</kwd><kwd>renewable energy sources</kwd><kwd>nuclear energy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Адамов Е.О., Арутюнян Р.В., Большов Л.А. [и др.]. Белая книга ядерной энергетики. ЗамкнутыйЯТЦ с быстрыми реакторами / под общ. ред. проф.Е.О.Адамова. М.: Изд-во АО «НИКИЭТ», 2020. – 502 с. [Adamov E.O., Arutyunyan R.V., Bol’shov L.A. [i dr.]. Belaya kniga yadernoj energetiki. Zamknutyj YATC s bystrymi reaktorami / pod obshch. red. prof. E.O. Adamova. M.: Izd-vo AO «NIKIET», 2020. – 502 s.]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Адамов Е.О., Арутюнян Р.В., Большов Л.А. [и др.]. Белая книга ядерной энергетики. ЗамкнутыйЯТЦ с быстрыми реакторами / под общ. ред. проф.Е.О.Адамова. М.: Изд-во АО «НИКИЭТ», 2020. – 502 с. [Adamov E.O., Arutyunyan R.V., Bol’shov L.A. [i dr.]. Belaya kniga yadernoj energetiki. Zamknutyj YATC s bystrymi reaktorami / pod obshch. red. prof. E.O. Adamova. M.: Izd-vo AO «NIKIET», 2020. – 502 s.]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Анисимов О.А., Нельсон Ф.Э., Павлов А.В. Прогнозные сценарии эволюции криолитозоны при глобальных изменениях климата в XXI веке // Криосфера Земли. 1999. Т. 3. № 4. С. 15-25. [Anisimov O.A., Nel’son F.E., Pavlov A.V. Prognoznye scenarii evolyucii kriolitozony pri global’nyh izmeneniyah klimata v XXI veke // Kriosfera Zemli. 1999. T. 3.№4. S. 15-25]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Анисимов О.А., Нельсон Ф.Э., Павлов А.В. Прогнозные сценарии эволюции криолитозоны при глобальных изменениях климата в XXI веке // Криосфера Земли. 1999. Т. 3. № 4. С. 15-25. [Anisimov O.A., Nel’son F.E., Pavlov A.V. Prognoznye scenarii evolyucii kriolitozony pri global’nyh izmeneniyah klimata v XXI veke // Kriosfera Zemli. 1999. T. 3.№4. S. 15-25]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бондаренко Л.В. Глобальное изменение климата и его последствия // Вестник Российского экномического университета имени Г.В. Плеханова. 2018. № 2. С. 84-92. [Bondarenko L.V. Global’noe izmenenie klimata i ego posledstviya // Vestnik Rossijskogo eknomicheskogo universiteta imeni G.V. Plekhanova. 2018. № 2. S. 84-92]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Бондаренко Л.В. Глобальное изменение климата и его последствия // Вестник Российского экномического университета имени Г.В. Плеханова. 2018. № 2. С. 84-92. [Bondarenko L.V. Global’noe izmenenie klimata i ego posledstviya // Vestnik Rossijskogo eknomicheskogo universiteta imeni G.V. Plekhanova. 2018. № 2. S. 84-92]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Критерии Таксономии ЕС для проектов атомной энергетики. Отчёт // Росатом // URL: https://atommedia.online/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/otchet-kriteriitaksonomii-es-dlya-proektov-atomnoj-energetiki-1.pdf [Kriterii Taksonomii ES dlya proektov atomnoj energetiki. Otchyot // Rosatom // URL: https://atommedia.online/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/otchet-kriterii-taksonomiies-dlya-proektov-atomnoj-energetiki-1.pdf]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Критерии Таксономии ЕС для проектов атомной энергетики. Отчёт // Росатом // URL: https://atommedia.online/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/otchet-kriteriitaksonomii-es-dlya-proektov-atomnoj-energetiki-1.pdf [Kriterii Taksonomii ES dlya proektov atomnoj energetiki. Otchyot // Rosatom // URL: https://atommedia.online/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/otchet-kriterii-taksonomiies-dlya-proektov-atomnoj-energetiki-1.pdf]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пономарев Н.Н., Петрунин В.В. Атомно-водородная энергетика – приоритетное направление научно-технического развития. Д64 Доллежалевские чтения. V–VI циклы. Сб. лекций и презентаций. М.: Изд-во АО «НИКИЭТ», 2022. [Ponomarev N.N., Petrunin V.V. Atomno-vodorodnaya energetika – prioritetnoe napravlenie nauchno-tekhnicheskogo razvitiya. D64 Dollezhalevskie chteniya. V–VI cikly. Sb. lekcij i prezentacij. M.: Izd-vo AO «NIKIET», 2022]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Пономарев Н.Н., Петрунин В.В. Атомно-водородная энергетика – приоритетное направление научно-технического развития. Д64 Доллежалевские чтения. V–VI циклы. Сб. лекций и презентаций. М.: Изд-во АО «НИКИЭТ», 2022. [Ponomarev N.N., Petrunin V.V. Atomno-vodorodnaya energetika – prioritetnoe napravlenie nauchno-tekhnicheskogo razvitiya. D64 Dollezhalevskie chteniya. V–VI cikly. Sb. lekcij i prezentacij. M.: Izd-vo AO «NIKIET», 2022]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Adamov E., Gabaraev B., Gorin N. [et al.]. Nuclear power engineering with fast neutron reactors and closed nuclear fuel cycle – Solution of climate problems and more // Nuclear Engineering and Design. March 2025. Vol. 433. Р. 113803.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Adamov E., Gabaraev B., Gorin N. [et al.]. Nuclear power engineering with fast neutron reactors and closed nuclear fuel cycle – Solution of climate problems and more // Nuclear Engineering and Design. March 2025. Vol. 433. Р. 113803.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Carbon Neutrality in the UNECE Region: Integrated Life-cycle Assessment of Electricity Sources. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, United Nations Geneva, 2022 // URL: https://onesearch.uark.edu/discovery/fulldisplay?vid=01UARK_INST:01UARK&amp;search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&amp;tab=COMBINED&amp;docid=alma991036385059507336&amp;context=L</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Carbon Neutrality in the UNECE Region: Integrated Life-cycle Assessment of Electricity Sources. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, United Nations Geneva, 2022 // URL: https://onesearch.uark.edu/discovery/fulldisplay?vid=01UARK_INST:01UARK&amp;search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&amp;tab=COMBINED&amp;docid=alma991036385059507336&amp;context=L</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Energy.gov. At COP28, Countries Launch Declaration to Triple Nuclear Energy Capacity by 2050, Recognizing the Key Role of Nuclear Energy in Reaching Net Zero // URL: https://www.energy.gov/articles/cop28-countries-launch-declaration-triple-nuclearenergy-capacity-2050-recognizing-key</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Energy.gov. At COP28, Countries Launch Declaration to Triple Nuclear Energy Capacity by 2050, Recognizing the Key Role of Nuclear Energy in Reaching Net Zero // URL: https://www.energy.gov/articles/cop28-countries-launch-declaration-triple-nuclearenergy-capacity-2050-recognizing-key</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kaplienko A.V., Gabaraev B.A., Cherepnin Yu.S. Potential role of nuclear power in a carbon-free world // Nuclear Energy and Technology. 2024. № 10(2). Р. 89-96.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaplienko A.V., Gabaraev B.A., Cherepnin Yu.S. Potential role of nuclear power in a carbon-free world // Nuclear Energy and Technology. 2024. № 10(2). Р. 89-96.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Master Plan Part 3 Sustainable Energy for All of Earth // URL: https://www.tesla.com/ns_videos/Tesla-Master-Plan-Part-3.pdf (Ежемесячный дайджест отраслевого Центра аналитических исследований и разработок (ЦАИР). Май 2023. С. 2-7).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Master Plan Part 3 Sustainable Energy for All of Earth // URL: https://www.tesla.com/ns_videos/Tesla-Master-Plan-Part-3.pdf (Ежемесячный дайджест отраслевого Центра аналитических исследований и разработок (ЦАИР). Май 2023. С. 2-7).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Muellner N., Arnold N., Gufler K. [et al.]. Nuclear energy – The solution to climate change? // Energy Policy 2021. № 155. Р. 1-10. Net Zero by 2050. A Road for the Global Energy Sector. IEA October 2021 // URL:</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Muellner N., Arnold N., Gufler K. [et al.]. Nuclear energy – The solution to climate change? // Energy Policy 2021. № 155. Р. 1-10. Net Zero by 2050. A Road for the Global Energy Sector. IEA October 2021 // URL:</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/deebef5d-0c34-4539-9d0c-10b13d840027/NetZeroby2050-ARoadmapfortheGlobalEnergySector_CORR.pdf</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/deebef5d-0c34-4539-9d0c-10b13d840027/NetZeroby2050-ARoadmapfortheGlobalEnergySector_CORR.pdf</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Orlov A.I., Gabaraev D.A. Heavy liquid metal cooled fast reactors: peculiarities and development status of the major projects // Nuclear Energy and Technology. March 2023. № 9(1). Р. 1-18.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Orlov A.I., Gabaraev D.A. Heavy liquid metal cooled fast reactors: peculiarities and development status of the major projects // Nuclear Energy and Technology. March 2023. № 9(1). Р. 1-18.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">World NuclearAssociation. Six MoreCountriesEndorse the Declaration to Triple Nuclear Energy by 2050 at COP29. Iss. 13 November 2024 // URL: https://world-nuclear.org/news-and-media/press-statements/six-more-countries-endorse-the-declarationto-triple-nuc</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">World NuclearAssociation. Six MoreCountriesEndorse the Declaration to Triple Nuclear Energy by 2050 at COP29. Iss. 13 November 2024 // URL: https://world-nuclear.org/news-and-media/press-statements/six-more-countries-endorse-the-declarationto-triple-nuc</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
