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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">observer</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Обозреватель-Observer</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Обозреватель–Observer</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2975</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Институт стран СНГ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.48137/2074-2975_2023_6_81</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">observer-63</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Политология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Political sciences</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Императивы советской афганской политики и Россия</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Imperatives of soviet afghan policy and Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фролов</surname><given-names>А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Frolov</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ФРОЛОВ Александр Владимирович – доктор политических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>FROLOV Alexander V. – Doctor of Political Sciences, leading researcher</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">afrolov_53@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский институт мировой экономики и международных отношений РАН им. Е.М. Примакова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations of the Russian Academy of Sciences named after E.M. Primakov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>81</fpage><lpage>94</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Фролов А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фролов А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Frolov A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.observer-journal.ru/jour/article/view/63">https://www.observer-journal.ru/jour/article/view/63</self-uri><abstract><p>Перед Россией после ухода США открываются возможности проводить политику в отношении Афганистана практически с чистого листа, поскольку многие императивы советской афганской политики нивелировались или потеряли значимость. Но при выстраивании новой политики должны быть учтены как просчёты советского опыта, так и его сильные стороны.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>After the withdrawal of the US militaries, Russia has an opportunity to launch a policy towards Afghanistan from tabula rasa, because many of the imperatives of Soviet Afghan policy were leveled out or lost their significance. The new Afghan leadership is giving Moscow appropriate signs, remembering the long past of good neighborliness. But when formulating a new policy, both the miscalculations of Soviet policy towards this country and its strengths must be taken into account.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Афганистан</kwd><kwd>СССР</kwd><kwd>Россия</kwd><kwd>ОКСВА</kwd><kwd>США</kwd><kwd>талибы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Afghanistan</kwd><kwd>USSR</kwd><kwd>Russia</kwd><kwd>Limited contingent of Soviet troops  in Afghanistan (OKSVА)</kwd><kwd>USA</kwd><kwd>Taliban</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ганковский Ю.В., Полищук А.И., Слинкин М.Ф. История вооружённых сил Афганистана. 1747–1977 / отв. ред. Ю.В. Ганковский. М.: Наука, 1985. – 206 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gankovskij YU.V., Polishchuk A.I., Slinkin M.F. Istoriya vooruzhyonnyh sil Afganistana. 1747–1977 / otv. red. YU.V. Gankovskij. 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